Understanding the Benefits of Fish Oil for Dogs

Fish oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, specifically EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). These essential fatty acids are crucial for maintaining your dog’s overall health. Here’s how fish oil can benefit your furry friend:

1. Promotes Healthy Skin and Coat

One of the most well-known benefits of fish oil is its ability to improve skin and coat health. Omega-3 fatty acids help reduce inflammation, which can alleviate itching, dryness, and dandruff. They also promote a shiny, soft coat by nourishing the hair follicles from within.

2. Supports Joint Health

As dogs age, they may experience joint stiffness and discomfort due to arthritis or other joint-related issues. Fish oil’s anti-inflammatory properties can help support joint health, reduce stiffness, and improve mobility. This makes it an excellent supplement for senior dogs or breeds prone to joint problems.

3. Enhances Cognitive Function

DHA, a key component of fish oil, is essential for brain health. In puppies, DHA supports cognitive development, while in older dogs, it helps maintain mental sharpness and cognitive function. Studies have shown that omega-3 supplementation can improve memory, learning, and overall brain health in dogs.

4. Boosts Immune System

A strong immune system is essential for protecting your dog from illnesses and infections. Omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil can help strengthen the immune system by reducing inflammation and supporting the body’s natural defense mechanisms.

5. Promotes Heart Health

Fish oil supports cardiovascular health by reducing inflammation, lowering blood pressure, and improving cholesterol levels. These benefits help maintain a healthy heart and reduce the risk of heart disease in dogs.

The Benefits of CBD for Dogs

CBD, or cannabidiol, is a natural compound found in hemp plants that interacts with the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in dogs. The ECS plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions, including mood, pain, and immune response. Here’s how CBD can benefit your dog:

1. Promotes Relaxation

CBD can help promote relaxation and calmness in dogs, making it an excellent supplement for managing stress, anxiety, and nervousness. Whether it’s separation anxiety, thunderstorms, or trips to the vet, CBD can help your dog stay calm in stressful situations.

2. Supports Joint and Mobility Health

CBD has natural anti-inflammatory properties that can help with occasional discomfort and support joint health. For dogs with arthritis or mobility issues, CBD can help maintain comfort and improve their quality of life.

3. Supports a Healthy Immune System

CBD can help support the immune system by promoting balance within the body. By interacting with ECS receptors, CBD helps regulate immune function, reducing the risk of illnesses and supporting overall health.

4. Promotes Digestive Health

CBD can also support digestive health by promoting a healthy gut environment and reducing occasional digestive discomfort. Whether your dog experiences bloating, gas, or poor appetite, CBD can help maintain a healthy digestive system.

The Synergistic Benefits of Combining Fish Oil and CBD

When combined, fish oil and CBD can offer a powerful one-two punch for your dog’s health. The anti-inflammatory properties of both supplements work together to reduce inflammation, support joint health, and promote overall well-being. Here are some key areas where fish oil and CBD can complement each other:

1. Enhanced Joint Support

Both fish oil and CBD are known for their anti-inflammatory properties, making them an excellent combination for supporting joint health. By reducing inflammation and promoting comfort, this duo can help dogs with arthritis, hip dysplasia, or other joint-related issues move more comfortably.

2. Improved Skin and Coat Health

Fish oil’s omega-3 fatty acids nourish the skin and coat, while CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties can help reduce itching and irritation. Together, they can keep your dog’s skin healthy and their coat looking shiny and soft.

3. Balanced Immune Function

A healthy immune system is essential for preventing illness and supporting overall health. Both fish oil and CBD help promote immune balance, making your dog more resilient to infections and diseases.

4. Cognitive and Mental Health Support

The combination of DHA from fish oil and CBD’s interaction with the ECS can help maintain cognitive function and mental health. This is especially beneficial for older dogs who may experience cognitive decline or anxiety.

Dosage Recommendations for Fish Oil and CBD

When it comes to dosage, it’s essential to find the right balance for your dog’s size, age, and health condition. Here are some general guidelines to help you get started:

Fish Oil Recommended Use

The recommended use of fish oil for dogs varies depending on their weight and health needs. A general guideline is to provide:

• Small Dogs (up to 20 lbs): 200-500 mg of EPA/DHA per day
• Medium Dogs (20-50 lbs): 500-1,000 mg of EPA/DHA per day
• Large Dogs (50-100 lbs): 1,000-1,500 mg of EPA/DHA per day
• Giant Dogs (over 100 lbs): 1,500-2,000 mg of EPA/DHA per day

Always start with the lower end of the range and gradually increase it based on your dog’s response. If you’re unsure about the correct amount, consult your veterinarian.

CBD Recommended Use

CBD recommended use depends on your dog’s size and the specific health concern you’re addressing. A common starting point is:

• Small Dogs (up to 20 lbs): 2-5 mg of CBD per day
• Medium Dogs (20-50 lbs): 5-10 mg of CBD per day
• Large Dogs (50-100 lbs): 10-15 mg of CBD per day
• Giant Dogs (over 100 lbs): 15-20 mg of CBD per day

As with fish oil, start with a low amount and gradually increase it until you find the optimal amount for your dog. Monitor your dog’s response and adjust the amount as needed. It’s always a good idea to consult your veterinarian before starting any new supplement regimen.

Final Thoughts

Combining fish oil and CBD offers a holistic approach to supporting your dog’s health. From joint support to immune function, these natural supplements work together to promote overall well-being. By incorporating both into your dog’s routine, you can help them live a healthier, happier life.

Learn more about why pet owners trust Honest Paws CBD and fish oil supplements for their dogs in this Hepper review.

Ready to boost your dog’s health with fish oil and CBD? Explore our range of high-quality supplements and start your dog on the path to optimal health.

What is Addison’s Disease in Dogs

It can be frustrating to hear that your favorite canine has been diagnosed with a disease. Do you know what is even scarier? When you have never heard of the said disease. Addison’s disease is such a disease.

Most fur parents do not know about it as it is rare in dogs. It targets certain breeds of dogs and often results in fatal cases. However, you can save your dog if the diagnosis is made early.

Know More About Addison’s disease in Dogs

Also known as hypoadrenocorticism, Addison’s disease is a medical condition characterized by inadequate production of hormones by the adrenal glands.

Aldosterone and cortisol are vital hormones.

• Cortisol: It is responsible for healthy stress response and helps manage and metabolize protein, fat, and sugar in the body. It is also known for its role in memory formulation, tissue repair, and inflammation reduction.
• Aldosterone: This hormone is located in the kidneys. Here, it helps manage sodium and potassium levels in the blood and impacts blood volume.

Generally speaking, the body’s trifecta of sugar, salt, and water must be kept in balance by the adrenal glands.

While Addison’s disease can affect any dog, it is more prevalent in young and middle-aged dogs. Only dogs with damaged adrenal glands can develop Addison’s disease. Its symptoms vary in severity and are often confused with other less serious medical problems.

Causes of Addison’s Disease

These are the common causes of Addison’s disease in dogs:

• Autoimmune Disease: This is responsible for most cases of the disease. Autoimmune disease occurs when the body’s immune system turns against the body. When the adrenal glands are targeted, their outer layers are destroyed.
• Cancer: This and long-term infections such as blastomycosis are less common culprits.
• Pituitary Gland Disease: This is also a less common culprit. Pituitary gland disease inhibits the production of the ACTH hormone. ACTH is directly associated with cortisol production.

Types of Addison’s Disease

The well-known types of Addison’s disease are three:

1. Primary Addison’s Disease

This is the most prevalent form of Addison’s disease in dogs. It’s characterized by the complete shutdown of adrenal glands.

2. Secondary Addison’s Disease

It occurs when the pituitary glands cease producing the ACTH hormone. Resultantly, the adrenal glands will stop cortisol production. The treatment plan for dogs diagnosed with secondary Addison’s disease involves medication that helps in cortisol production.

3. Treatment-induced Addison’s Disease

This form of Addison’s disease results from the use of prescription drugs. It typically occurs when you put your dog on long-term steroid medication and wean them abruptly. The weaning off should be slow and gradual.

This is because the steroid increase hormone levels in your dog’s body, and when you stop the medication suddenly, the adrenal glands can stop producing hormones.

Breeds More Susceptible to Addison’s Disease

There is no research to validate this, but for some reason, these dog breeds are more likely to develop Addison’s disease:

• Bearded Collies
• Basset Hound
• Rottweiler
• Standard Poodles
• Saint Bernards
• Portuguese Water Dogs

Signs of Addison’s Disease in Canines

Addison’s disease symptoms range from mild to severe. As a pet parent, you shouldn’t brush off the mild symptoms as they can quickly escalate into more extensive issues that are harder to manage.

Look out for the following symptoms:

• Muscle weakness
• Gastrointestinal issues
• Blood pressure changes
• Shaking
• Appetite loss
• Diarrhoea
• Weight loss
• Slowed heart rate
• Vomiting
• Depression

Addison’s Disease and Stress

Stress is among the most prominent signs of this disease. When stressed, a dog’s adrenal glands naturally produce increased cortisol levels. However, if your dog has Addison’s disease, it cannot generate sufficient cortisol and consequently can’t deal with the stressful situation. Therefore, Addison’s disease symptoms are exacerbated when a dog is stressed.

Addisonian Crises

Unfortunately, early Addison’s disease symptoms are usually mild, and most dogs aren’t diagnosed until the symptoms have progressed and they experience a crisis. A crisis is often a medical emergency that results in your dog going into shock from a sodium and potassium imbalance. This collapses their circulation system.

Most times, a dog going through an Addisonian crisis appears extremely ill. They may exhibit lethargy, extreme dehydration, and even heart failure.

CBD Oil for Addison’s Disease: Does It Really Work?

As you may have read above, signs of Addison’s disease become more pronounced when your dog is under stress. This is why an anti-stress treatment is needed. And what better option to go for than CBD oil? But first, what is CBD, and how can it help dogs with Addison’s disease?

CBD is an acronym for cannabidiol. It is a chemical compound extracted from the cannabis plant and is known for its numerous health benefits. CBD products are available in tinctures, treats, and even topical applications.

How CBD Reduces Stress in Dogs With Addison’s Disease

To understand how CBD functions to reduce stress, it is essential to first .know about the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS is a regulatory framework in mammalian bodies that regulates vital physiological processes like sleep, mood, appetite, and pain response. It maintains a state of homeostasis between various organs and systems, including the nervous system.

The ECS has CB1 and CB2 receptors in essential organs such as the lungs and brain. Cannabinoids like CBD interact with the ECS by binding to these receptors. When your dog is stressed or anxious, neurons start firing out of control. In response, the ECS naturally releases endocannabinoids to restore the electrical balance in the brain. It blocks the effects of cortisol and induces physical relaxation.

Additionally, CBD interacts with the serotonin receptors located in the brain to modulate the GABA receptor’s activities. The GABA receptor serves as the nervous system’s handbrake. It reduces the nerve cells’ hyperactivity.

Other Ways CBD Oil Can Help Dogs With Addison’s Disease

Besides stress reduction, CBD can help treat Addison’s disease in the following ways:

1. Appetite Control

Adrenal fatigue leads to lower aldosterone production. Resultantly, your dog experiences increased urination, eliminating essential minerals like sodium, magnesium, and potassium.

They may start craving salty foods, and this is where CBD comes in. It helps control your dog’s appetite by sending satiation signals to certain parts of your dog’s food. Therefore, it alleviates your pet’s desire to consume more of a particular food.

2. Boosting Immune Response

Addison’s disease in dogs is characterized by low cortisol levels. Because of this, your dog becomes susceptible to diseases and infections. CBD has antioxidant attributes. It boosts your immune response by stimulating the endocrinal glands to secrete enough hormones and respond accordingly to toxins.

3. Improved Sleep

Imbalanced adrenaline and cortisone levels can make your pup feel like they are never fully rested. CBD affects the nervous system and helps with homeostasis regulation during sleep. It enhances adequate hormone production in the glands, helping your dog fall asleep quicker and stay asleep for longer. This reduces poverty.

Final Thoughts

To conclude, dog ailments are a nuisance to your furry bestie and you. And that is understandable. However, with modern medicine, you can effectively manage Addison’s disease in your dog. It is important to note that a dog with this disease can still lead a normal life and live long, just like healthy dogs.

If you know the signs of the disease and what course of action to take when they manifest, you can help your dog stay healthy. Let your vet know if you suspect your four-legged friend has Addison’s disease.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are Natural Treatments for Addison’s Disease in Dogs Viable?

You can use natural remedies and products to treat Addison’s disease in dogs. You could start your dog on a fresh food diet to help improve their overall health.

You can also opt for glandular therapy. It involves using adrenal gland extracts or whole animal tissues. Herbal remedies and antioxidants are other options you can consider.

Will My Dog With Addison’s Disease Require a Special Diet?

Yes. Besides treatment, dogs with this condition should be fed a diet low in salt and high in balanced nutrition.

What Worsens Addison’s Disease in Dogs?

Signs of Addison’s disease exacerbate when they get stressed. During stressful situations, a dog’s adrenal glands secrete more cortisol that helps them cope with the stress.

Because dogs with this disease cannot produce sufficient cortisol, they are incapable of handling stress. As a result, the signs of Addison’s disease may worsen during such situations.

CBD oil has once again proven its invaluable role in treating dog diseases. From stress and anxiety relief to boosting the immune system and improving sleep, you can trust CBD products to keep your dog in perfect health.

Are you interested in how CBD oil treats Addison’s disease in dogs? Visit our website today and have a look at our vast collection.

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What is gastrointestinal cancer in dogs?

Gastrointestinal cancer in dogs is a collection of tumors arising from stomach and intestinal tissues. The majority of tumors of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are malignant. 

GI cancer in dogs is rare but devastating. The signs of digestive tract tumors are non-specific, and by the time a diagnosis is made, they are advanced. 

Cancers of the dog’s gastrointestinal system are locally invasive, form metastases, and regrow after treatment. The general GI cancer prognosis is guarded to poor. 

What are other terms for gastrointestinal cancer in dogs?

Other terms for gastrointestinal cancer in dogs are stomach cancer and intestinal cancer. GI cancers in dogs are classified as benign or malignant. 

Gastrointestinal cancers are named based on type. A malignant GI tumor arising from glandular tissue is called an adenocarcinoma, while a benign glandular tumor is an adenoma. 

Certain cancers, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), feature terms explaining their location and type. 

What are the common types of gastrointestinal cancers found in dogs?

The common types of gastrointestinal cancer found in dogs are listed below. 

• Adenocarcinoma: Adenocarcinoma is a malignant, invasive, and metastatic tumor that rises from epithelial tissues and affects various parts of the digestive tract. 
• Lymphoma: Alimentary lymphoma is a lymphoid tissue tumor of the GI tract that causes digestive symptoms. 
• Leiomyosarcoma: Leiomyosarcoma is a rare but painful malignant tumor in dogs that originates from the soft muscles of the stomach and intestines. 
• Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs): GI stromal tumors are a submucosal type of cancer that forms from intestinal pacemaker cells called “interstitial cells of Cajal.”
• Mast Cell Tumors: Mast cell tumors comprise mutated mast cells, which invade the dog’s gastrointestinal tract in sporadic cases. 

1. Adenocarcinoma

Adenocarcinoma is a malignant tumor arising from glandular tissue. The tumor is highly invasive and forms metastasis. Adenocarcinoma develops on all GI tract parts but is the most common and dangerous on the stomach. 

Stomach adenocarcinoma has the worst prognosis compared to other GI cancers. The goal of the treatment is to reduce the symptoms and keep the dog comfortable for as long as possible. 

2. Lymphoma

Lymphoma is a type of tumor originating from white blood cells or lymphocytes. The condition is called alimentary lymphoma when affecting the digestive tract. 

Alimentary lymphoma is rare and causes gastrointestinal problems like vomiting and diarrhea. Localized lymphoma has a better prognosis than general lymphoma and other GI cancers. The median survival rate for dogs with alimentary lymphoma is one year. 

3. Leiomyosarcoma

Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor stemming from soft muscles in the stomach or intestines. Canine leiomyosarcoma is the second most common GI cancer in dogs.

Leiomyosarcoma is excruciatingly painful and prone to metastasizing. Local leiomyosarcoma has a good prognosis when caught early. Advanced leiomyosarcoma has a similar malignancy level as adenocarcinoma. 

4. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are specific mesenchymal tumors. GISTs originate from intestinal pacemaker cells known as interstitial cells of Cajal. 

GI stromal tumors develop anywhere in the digestive tract but are most prevalent in the cecum or first part of the large intestine. The behavior of GISTs ranges from asymptomatic to highly metastasizing and attacking the liver. GISTs have a regrowing tendency after removal. 

5. Mast Cell Tumors

Mast cell tumors or mastocytomas are abnormal growths arising from mast cells. Mast cells are part of the dog’s immune system and safeguard against viruses and parasites. 

Mastocytomas are primary skin tumors but develop in the gastrointestinal tract in rare cases. The upper parts of the digestive system are frequently affected. GI mast cell tumors thicken the intestinal wall, cause lumen narrowing, and have a poor prognosis. 

How does gastrointestinal cancer develop in dogs?

Gastrointestinal cancer develops in dogs gradually over several weeks or months. The average age of onset is between six and nine years. 

The cancer starts manifesting with vomiting. Telltale digestive upset signs unravel as the issue progresses. Gastrointestinal cancer usually advances by the time it is diagnosed.

How common is gastrointestinal cancer in dogs?

Gastrointestinal cancer in dogs is rare. “Overall, digestive tract tumors are uncommon in dogs and cats, comprising approximately 2% of cancers in pets,” reports an article “Intestinal Tumors” published by VCA Hospitals. 

The top three gastrointestinal cancers are adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, and leiomyosarcoma. Adenocarcinomas are most common in the stomach and large intestine, while leiomyosarcoma is found in the small intestine. Lymphoma develops anywhere in the GI tract. 

Gastrointestinal cancer is rare in puppies and cats. Lymphoma of the small intestine is the most frequent feline GI cancer. 

Which breeds are more prone to developing gastrointestinal cancer?

The breeds more prone to developing gastrointestinal cancer are listed below. 

• German Shepherds: German Shepherds are overrepresented in digestive tract cancer studies and are prone to various types of gastrointestinal tumors. 
• Rough Collies: Rough Collie members are at a higher-than-average risk of developing different forms of gastrointestinal cancer. 

What does gastrointestinal cancer in dogs look like?

Gastrointestinal cancer in dogs looks like persistent vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, decreased appetite, and abdominal pain or swelling. Signs include visible blood in vomit or stool and a noticeable abdominal mass.

How do the type and stage of cancer affect the prognosis?

The type and stage of cancer affect the prognosis by determining the course of the condition. The GI tract cancer type determines whether it is benign or malignant. 

The staging evaluates the advancement of malignant tumors. Dog cancer is classified into four stages, from I to IV. Staging is determined based on the tumor location, size, lymph node involvement, and spreading to distant body parts or metastasis. 

What are the causes of gastrointestinal cancer in dogs?

The causes of gastrointestinal cancer in dogs are listed below. 

• Genetics: Specific gastrointestinal cancer types are widespread among certain breeds, indicating a genetic component. 
• Environmental Factors: Long-term exposure to chemicals, secondhand smoke, and airborne pollutants is associated with cancer development. 
• Dietary Choices: Low-quality dog food formulas made with artificial preservatives and additives are believed to contribute to GI cancer. 
• Chronic Gastroenteritis: Recurrent or chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract predisposes dogs to cancer. 

Are there genetic factors that contribute to GI cancer in dogs?

Yes, there are genetic factors that contribute to GI cancer in dogs. The high incidence of cancer of the stomach and intestines in specific dog breeds confirms the genetic link. 

GI cancer is present in multiple dogs over several generations of the same breeding stock. The inheritance mode is unknown, and researchers are investigating the genes responsible for it. 

What are the symptoms of gastrointestinal cancer in dogs?

The symptoms of gastrointestinal cancer in dogs are listed below.

• Vomiting: Vomiting is one of the earliest signs of gastrointestinal cancer. The vomit, in some dogs, contains blood, which is called hematemesis. 
• Diarrhea or Constipation: Gastrointestinal cancer causes diarrhea or constipation, with or without blood. Blood in the stool is dark and resembles coffee grounds when it originates from the upper GI tract (melena) or bright red when it originates from the lower GI tract (hematochezia). 
• Drooling: Excessive drooling or hypersalivation is commonly reported and indicates a feeling of nausea. 
• Anorexia: Significantly reduced or completely lost appetite (anorexia) is one of the main stomach cancer symptoms in dogs. 
• Weight Loss: The decline in appetite combined with abnormal digestion results in weight loss in dogs with gastrointestinal cancer. 
• Abdominal Pain: The abdomen of dogs with GI cancer is painful and visibly distended in some cases. 

When do symptoms of gastrointestinal cancer typically occur in dogs?

The symptoms of gastrointestinal cancer typically occur in dogs when the tumor starts growing. The initial signs are non-specific. 

Early-stage GI cancer symptoms mimic gastrointestinal distress, delaying diagnosis. Schedule a veterinary consultation for dogs with intermittent signs of stomach upset. Prompt diagnosis affects the dog’s prognosis. 

What are the risk factors for gastrointestinal cancer in dogs?

The risk factors for gastrointestinal cancer in dogs are listed below. 

• Age: Malignant and benign gastrointestinal tumors are prevalent in middle-aged and older dogs, making age a significant contributing factor. 
• Breed: Certain dog breeds, such as German Shepherds, Rough Collies, Chow Chows, and Belgian Terevurens, are predisposed to GI cancer. 
• Sex: Stomach and intestinal cancer in dogs occurs more frequently in males than females. 

What are the complications of gastrointestinal cancer in dogs?

The complications of gastrointestinal cancer in dogs are listed below. 

• Metastases: The main complication of GI cancer in dogs is spreading to distant tissues and organs or metastasizing. 
• Ascites: Stomach cancer causes an accumulation of fluids in the abdomen, medically termed ascites. The fluid buildup pressures surrounding tissues. 
• Mechanical Obstruction: Tumors in the intestines, especially large growths, physically block food passage through the digestive tract. 
• Ulcers: Certain types of GI cancer are ulcerative and perforate the walls of the digestive tract, leaking content into the abdomen and causing a life-threatening infection. 

Where can you seek a diagnosis for gastrointestinal cancer in dogs?

You can seek a diagnosis for gastrointestinal cancer in dogs at a veterinary clinic. The veterinarian examines the dog and recommends additional tests based on initial findings. 

The general veterinary practitioner refers the dog to an oncology vet in more severe cases. The oncologist determines the dog’s cancer type and stage. A treatment strategy is developed based on the findings.  

How is gastrointestinal cancer diagnosed in dogs?

Gastrointestinal cancer in dogs is diagnosed with a biopsy. Biopsy samples are collected with laparoscopy or laparotomy. 

Laparoscopy is less invasive and uses an endoscope, while laparotomy is a surgical procedure that involves opening the dog’s abdomen. Fine needle aspiration, or FNA, is feasible in some dogs with gastric cancer. 

Other diagnostic procedures helpful in staging the cancer are plain and contrast X-rays of the abdomen, abdominal ultrasound, chest X-rays, blood counts, and biochemistry profiles. 

Are there early detection methods for GI cancer in dogs?

Yes, there are early detection methods for GI cancer in dogs. A next-generation screening test is being developed for preclinical cancer diagnosis, reports a study, “Cancer Detection in Clinical Practice and Using Blood‐Based Liquid Biopsy: A Retrospective Audit of over 350 Dogs,” published in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine in 2023. 

The procedure is called a liquid biopsy because it uses a blood sample. The method’s potential uses are groundbreaking. Currently, 88% of canine cancer cases are diagnosed after the owner reports worrisome signs, at which time the cancer is advanced.  

What is the prognosis for dogs diagnosed with GI cancer?

The prognosis for dogs diagnosed with GI cancer is guarded to poor. Factors affecting the dog’s prognosis are related to the cancer and treatment. 

The prognosis is best for dogs with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and certain localized leiomyosarcoma. The cancers have high treatment survival rates and long post-surgical survival periods. 

The worst prognosis is for dogs with gastric adenocarcinoma, which is fatal within days without treatment or within six months with treatment. 

How long can a dog survive with gastrointestinal cancer?

A dog can survive several months with gastrointestinal cancer. The median survival rate varies based on cancer type, stage, and location. 

Gastric adenocarcinoma, the most common GI cancer in dogs, is metastasized at the time of diagnosis in 76% of cases, according to an article “Stomach Tumors in Dogs and Cats” published by the Animal Surgical Center of Michigan.  

Dogs with gastric adenocarcinoma survive for six months after surgery, and dogs with colorectal adenocarcinoma for 22 months. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors have survival rates of up to three years, resulting in a long gastrointestinal disease in dogs life expectancy.

How effective is surgery in treating GI cancer in dogs?

Surgery is relatively effective in treating GI cancer in dogs. The results of the treatment depend on the type and stage of the tumor. 

For example, surgery is curative for dogs with early stages of leiomyosarcoma. Surgery reduces symptoms in dogs with advanced adenocarcinoma. Combining surgery with other options, such as chemotherapy and radiation, improves its effectiveness in some instances. 

What are the treatment options for gastrointestinal cancer in dogs?

The treatment options for gastrointestinal cancer in dogs are listed below. 

• Surgery: Surgical removal is the treatment of choice for most gastrointestinal tumors. The goal is to treat the condition if dealing with a localized tumor or ease the symptoms and keep the dog comfortable until the tumor regrows or the metastases cause issues. A successful surgery requires removing the entire affected area. 
• Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is used in combination with surgery when the tumor is impossible to remove entirely or alone in the management of alimentary lymphoma. Dogs are much more resistant to chemotherapy and rarely exhibit side effects such as stomach upset and reduced appetite. The incidence of severe complications is under 5%, says a study, “Chemotherapy: Managing Side Effects and Safe Handling,” published in the Canadian Veterinary Journal in 2009. 
• Radiation: Radiation is recommended for localized and inoperable cancers. Vets use high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, which delivers radiation directly to the affected site. Fatigue and local skin rashes are infrequent side effects of radiation therapy in dogs.   

Read about other types of stomach cancers here.

What are Dog Sensory Issues?

Dog sensory issues are a range of neurological disorders affecting a dog’s brain and nervous system. The resulting sensory decline manifests as vision problems, lack of coordination, and eating difficulties. “Sensory neuronopathy in dogs is characterized by degeneration and loss of primary sensory axons, leading to ataxia, impaired position sense, and difficulty in eating,” according to the study by Wouda, W., Vandevelde, M., Oettli, P., Nes, J., & Hoerlein, B. titled “Sensory neuronopathy in dogs: a study of four cases,” 1983. Neurological disorder in dogs are more common in older canines, such as hearing loss.

Can Dogs Lose Their Sense of Smell?

Yes, dogs can lose their sense of smell, particularly as they age, which is a common sensory decline observed in senior dogs. “Dogs over the age of 17 years show prominent atrophic changes in the olfactory epithelium, indicating potential loss of their sense of smell,” according to the study by Hirai, T., Kojima, S., Shimada, A., Umemura, T., Sakai, M., & Itakurat, C. titled “Age‐related changes in the olfactory system of dogs,” 1996.

Neurological disorders, like Canine Cognitive Dysfunction, lead to a dog’s declining sense of smell. The disorders affect the brain’s ability to process olfactory information, resulting in a diminished sense of smell. The decline in olfactory ability is due to aging-related changes in the nasal passages and sensory cells, which cause dog nasal problems. 

What are the Causes of Dog Sensory Issues?

The causes of dog sensory issues are listed below.

• Breed Predisposition: Certain dog breeds are more likely to develop specific sensory issues due to their genetic makeup. Dalmatians are more prone to congenital deafness, and Siberian Huskies are at higher risk for certain eye problems.
• Congenital Defects: Abnormalities present at birth affect a dog’s sensory organs. Examples include congenital deafness, where the inner ear does not develop properly, and congenital blindness due to underdeveloped eyes.
• Age-Related Changes: Dogs’ sensory abilities naturally decline. Common age-related changes include cataracts, which cloud the eye lens and impair vision, and presbycusis, the gradual loss of hearing.
• Sensory Organ Infections and Diseases: Various infections and diseases affect sensory organs, leading to vision and hearing loss. Ear infections damage the ear structures, while eye infections or diseases like glaucoma impair sight.
• Neurological Diseases: Neurological diseases affect the nervous system and disrupt sensory processing. Conditions like IVDD or canine distemper cause widespread damage to the nervous system, leading to sensory deficits.
• Physical Injury: Trauma to the head or sensory organs results in damage that impairs sensory functions. A blow to the head causes blindness or deafness if the brain or sensory organs are affected.
• Chemical Exposure: Exposure to toxic chemicals harms sensory organs. Certain substances cause chemical burns or irritation, affect the skin’s sense of touch, or damage the eyes and ears.
• Tumors and Cancer: Growths or tumors in sensory organs or the brain impair sensory functions. Brain tumors disrupt the processing of sensory information, while tumors in the eyes or ears directly affect sight and hearing.
• Diabetes: Diabetes leads to complications such as diabetic neuropathy, which affects nerve function and impairs a dog’s sense of touch.
• Hypothyroidism: Hypothyroidism is a condition where an underactive thyroid gland leads to changes in the skin and coat, affecting the sense of touch. Hypothyroidism contributes to other health issues that impact sensory functions.
• Loud Noises: Chronic exposure to loud noises leads to noise-induced hearing loss, damaging the structures within the ear and impairing a dog’s ability to hear.
• Pollutants: Environmental pollutants, such as smoke, chemicals, and dust, irritate sensory organs like the eyes, ears, and skin, leading to sensory issues such as impaired vision, hearing, and touch.
• Medications and Treatments: Certain medications have side effects that impact sensory functions. Some antibiotics and other drugs are ototoxic, causing hearing loss, while other medications affect vision or touch.
• Stress and Anxiety: Chronic stress and anxiety affect a dog’s overall sensory processing, manifesting as hyperesthesia. The dog becomes overly sensitive to stimuli, leading to heightened responses to touch, sound, or other sensory inputs. 

What are the Signs of Dog Sensory Issues?

The signs of dog sensory issues are listed below. 

• Increased Anxiety or Fearfulness: A dog becomes anxious or fearful in new environments or situations where they feel vulnerable due to impaired senses.
• Aggression: Unexplained aggression or irritability is a response to discomfort or confusion caused by sensory deficits.
• Restlessness: A dog becomes restless, pacing, or having difficulty settling down due to confusion or disorientation.
• Changes in Social Behavior: The dog becomes more withdrawn, avoiding interaction with people or other animals.
• Getting Lost in Familiar Places: A dog seems disoriented or gets lost in areas they are usually familiar with, indicating sensory issues affecting their ability to navigate.
• Circling or Pacing: Repetitive behaviors like circling or pacing indicate confusion or difficulty processing sensory information.
• Reduced Interest in Play: A noticeable decline in interest in playing with toys or engaging in activities they previously enjoyed.
• Difficulty Playing: Struggling with toys, missing throws, or appearing uncoordinated during playtime.
• Startling Easily: Being easily startled by sudden movements or noises, indicating heightened sensitivity or compensatory behaviors.
• Ignoring Commands or Cues: Unresponsive to familiar commands or cues due to hearing loss or cognitive impairment.
• Changes in Gait: Altered walking patterns or stumbling indicate issues with sensory perception, particularly touch and proprioception.
• Head Tilting or Shaking: Frequent head tilting or shaking are signs of ear discomfort or balance issues.
• Unusual Eye Movements: Abnormal eye movements or a change in how the dog uses their eyes to track objects.
• Excessive Grooming or Scratching: Increased grooming, scratching, or licking, possibly due to sensory discomfort or altered sensation.
• Avoidance of Touch: Avoidance of being petted or touched in certain areas, indicating pain or hypersensitivity.
• Changes in Appetite: A decrease in appetite or altered eating habits are related to a dog losing sense of smell symptoms.
• Difficulty Locating Food or Water: Finding food or water bowls implies vision problems or disorientation.
• Excessive Barking: Increased barking is a response to confusion or an attempt to communicate distress.
• Unusual Vocal Sounds: Making unusual sounds or vocalizations for the dog.

How are Dog Sensory Issues Diagnosed?

Dog sensory issues are diagnosed through clinical evaluations by veterinarians, who use tests to identify the underlying causes and determine appropriate treatments. 

A dog presenting symptoms that indicate sensory issues, such as excessive licking or sensitivity to certain stimuli, undergoes a thorough examination. The examination involves assessing the dog’s behavior, sensory responses, and overall health history.

One common test is the neurological examination, which evaluates the dog’s coordination, reflexes, and nerve function. Veterinarians utilize imaging scans like MRI or CT scans to get a detailed look at the dog’s brain and spinal cord. These diagnostic tools allow veterinarians to pinpoint the specific sensory deficits or abnormalities affecting the dog and tailor treatment plans accordingly.

How can I help my dog with sensory overload?

You can help your dog with sensory overload by preventing overstimulation and consulting a veterinarian to determine suitable treatments and medications to alleviate their symptoms.

Create a calm and safe environment to prevent overstimulation. Overstimulation leads to excessive sensory input, causing a state of heightened arousal and stress. Establish a routine that includes regular exercise, mental stimulation, and moments of relaxation. Providing a designated safe space for overstimulated dogs to retreat when feeling overwhelmed is beneficial.

Can sensory issues go away?

Yes, sensory issues in dogs can go away with appropriate treatment. The extent of recovery depends on the underlying cause and the treatments’ effectiveness.

Early intervention, consistent therapy, and a supportive environment enhance a dog’s chances of recovering from sensory issues. Patience is vital as progress is gradual and setbacks occur. 

Understanding each dog’s individual needs and triggers allows for tailoring a personalized treatment plan. Positive reinforcement, desensitization techniques, and environmental modifications contribute to rehabilitation.

How does Aging Affect a Dog’s Senses?

Aging affects a dog’s senses by leading to sensory decline and cognitive dysfunction. The decline is common in senior dogs. “Aging affects dogs’ senses, with younger dogs (9 years) able to locate food more quickly and with more success than aged groups (9 years), and dogs with severe cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS) exhibiting poorer performance,” according to the study by González‐Martínez, Á., Rosado, B., Pesini, P., García-Belenguer, S., Palacio, J., Villegas, A., Suárez, M., Santamarina, G., & Sarasa, M. titled “Effect of age and severity of cognitive dysfunction on two simple tasks in pet dogs,” 2013.

Pet owners asking, “How do I know if my dog is getting old?” must check for graying fur around the muzzle, decreased energy levels, slower movements, changes in weight, and declines in vision and hearing. A senior dog won’t eat food if experiencing sensory issues. Aging dog symptoms include a gradual deterioration in the ability to see, hear, and smell with the same acuity as in younger years. Senior dogs have dim eyesight, leading to difficulty distinguishing objects or navigating familiar surroundings. 

Do dogs eat less as they age?

Yes, dogs eat less as they age. Reduced appetite is attributed to decreased activity levels, slower metabolism, and health issues such as dental or gastrointestinal problems. “Aging leads to changes in appetite-regulating peptides, affecting their suppressing and stimulatory effects on food intake,” according to the study by Akimoto, S., & Miyasaka, K. titled “Age‐associated changes of appetite‐regulating peptides,” 2010.

Aging dogs experience a diminished sense of taste and smell, making food less appealing. Pet owners asking, “Do Dobermans lose their sense of smell?” must know that Dobermans do not lose their sense of smell more than other breeds. A decline in olfactory function in Dobermans or other dogs is related to aging, nasal infections, or neurological issues.

Is there a way to fix sensory issues?

Yes, there are ways to fix sensory issues in dogs, depending on the underlying cause. “Following a consistent protocol, ensuring a quiet, distraction-free environment, and keeping the dog calm and relaxed can help manage and possibly improve sensory issues in dogs,” according to the study by Cunningham, R., Park, R., Kňazovický, D., Lascelles, B., & Gruen, M. titled “Assessment of Sensory Thresholds in Dogs using Mechanical and Hot Thermal Quantitative Sensory Testing,” 2021.

Treatment options include medical interventions, environmental modifications, and supportive care. Surgery restores sight if a dog has vision problems due to cataracts. Medication and regular ear cleaning manage hearing loss caused by chronic ear infections. 

Dogs with age-related sensory decline benefit from adaptations like maintaining a consistent environment, using visual or tactile cues, and engaging in gentle, stimulating activities. 

Do Dobermans Lose Their Sense of Smell?

Yes, Dobermans lose their sense of smell as they age due to sensory decline. Dobermans do not inherently lose their sense of smell more than any other dog breed. All dogs experience a decrease in their sense of smell due to aging, infections, neurological issues, or exposure to toxins. “Inflammation, alterations in blood flow and hydration, and systemic diseases may impact olfaction in detection canines, impacting their working efficiency,” according to the study by Jenkins, E., DeChant, M., & Perry, E. titled “When the Nose Doesn’t Know: Canine Olfactory Function Associated With Health, Management, and Potential Links to Microbiota,” 2018.

Other breeds prone to sensory issues include Dalmatians, susceptible to congenital deafness, and Siberian Huskies, which experience vision problems. Dobermans are not uniquely predisposed to losing their sense of smell. Other breeds are subject to the same causes of olfactory decline. A Doberman or any other dog that shows signs of a reduced sense of smell should be taken to a veterinarian for consultation.

Is Touch Sensitivity in Dogs One of the Sensory Issues?

Yes, touch sensitivity in dogs is one of the sensory issues they experience. Dogs develop a heightened sensitivity to touch due to neurological disorders, skin conditions, or anxiety. “Dogs born in commercial breeding establishments and sold through pet stores are more likely to develop behavioral and emotional problems in adulthood, including increased aggression, fear, and sensitivity to touch,” according to the study by Mcmillan, F. titled “Behavioral and psychological outcomes for dogs sold as puppies through pet stores and/or born in commercial breeding establishments: Current knowledge and putative causes,” 2017. 

Touch Sensitive dogs exhibit signs such as flinching when touched, yelping in response to gentle petting, or even showing aggression when touched in certain areas. 

What is Anxiety in Dogs?

Anxiety in dogs is the anticipation of future danger or mishap. Modern dogs suffer from various anxiety types, from noise phobias to separation anxiety. 

The term anxiety is used interchangeably with stress and fear, but they are distinct conditions. Stress is a continuous state of anxiety and has negative physical and mental effects. 

Fear is a graded response, meaning the closer the trigger, the greater the response. Moderate fear is beneficial and an important part of the dog’s adaptive response. 

Dog anxiety is complex and challenging to overcome. Prolonged anxiety harms the dog’s quality of life and the dog-human bond. 

How can Dogs Experience Anxiety?

Dogs experience anxiety in an expressive manner. Observing the dog’s body language and behavior helps to notice anxiety. 

Telltale physical signs of anxiety in dogs include shaking, restlessness, drooling, and panting. Behavioral indicators are vocalization, destructive habits, and clinginess or withdrawal. 

Anxious dogs behave similarly to nervous people. The effects of anxiety range from disruptive to destructive, affecting the dog’s daily habits and quality of life. 

Is Anxiety in Dogs a Neurological Condition?

Yes, anxiety in dogs is a neurological condition. Canine neurological conditions are problems affecting the dog’s brain.

A recent study showed that anxious dogs have different brain wiring. “Abnormal functional brain networks might be involved in anxiety,” reports an article, “Network Analysis Reveals Abnormal Functional Brain Circuitry in Anxious Dogs,” published in PlosONE in 2023. 

Anxiety is a common neurological issue in dogs, with 72.5% of dogs exhibiting anxiety-related behaviors, according to a study, “Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Breed Differences in Canine Anxiety in 13,700 Finnish Pet Dogs,” published in Scientific Reports in 2020. 

What are the Causes of Anxiety for Dogs?

The causes of anxiety in dogs are listed below. 

• Genetics: Certain dog breeds are at high risk for developing anxiety, indicating a genetic component. Examples are Lagotto Romagnolo, Wheaten Terriers, Shetland Sheepdogs, and Miniature Schnauzers. Wheaten Terriers are sensitive to noises, and Spanish Water Terriers are startled by strangers. 
• Loud Noises: Sensitivity to sounds is medically known as noise phobia. The phobia is caused by thunder, fireworks, construction work, alarms, traffic, and household appliances such as dust vacuums, washing machines, hair dryers, and blenders. 
• Alone Time: Being left alone triggers separation anxiety in sensitive dogs. The problem is common in abandoned dogs and certain “Velcro” breeds, such as Border Collies, Labrador Retrievers, Toy Poodles, and German Shepherds. 
• New Situations: Puppies lacking early and extensive socialization grow anxious around new people or pets and in unfamiliar surroundings. Puppies are triggered by unfamiliar sights, sounds, or smells. 
• Past Trauma: Traumatic events in the past make dogs anxious. Common stressors include abandonment, neglect, physical abuse, and being left on the street or in the shelter. Dogs with past trauma feel uneasy in general. 
• Car Travels: Car rides make most dogs anxious. The main reason is motion sickness, which is uncomfortable. Dogs associate car rides with unpleasant experiences such as veterinary visits and boarding facilities, creating further anxiety.  
• Old Age: Growing old is associated with declining cognition, memory, and senses, making dogs fearful and distressed. The condition is medically known as CCD or canine cognitive dysfunction and is seen after age nine. 
• Medical Conditions: Certain health problems, such as arthritis, hormonal imbalances, blindness, or deafness, make dogs confused and anxious. Ruling out underlying medical conditions is imperative when diagnosing canine anxiety. 

What are the Signs of Anxiety in Dogs?

The signs of anxiety in dogs are listed below. 

• Excessive Vocalization: Anxious dogs are prone to unusual, unprovoked vocalization, including barking, howling, crying, and whining. 
• Destructive Behaviors: Increased destructiveness, like chewing on furniture, digging in the yard, and scratching at doors, is standard for dogs with anxiety. 
• Compulsive or Repetitive Actions: Anxious dogs comfort themselves by repetitive actions, such as tail chasing, circling, overindulged grooming, or fly biting. 
• House Soiling: Anxiety is one of the most common reasons house-trained dogs start to urinate or defecate around the house. 
• Altered Sleep Cycle: Anxious dogs have trouble sleeping, and sleep deprivation adds to their stress, creating a magic circle. 
• Self-Harming: Dogs indulge in licking, chewing, or biting their paws when stressed, and long-term paw irritation results in self-inflicted injuries.  
• Shivering or Trembling: Shivering and trembling are telltale physical signs of anxiety in dogs. The shaking is caused by adrenaline flooding the dog’s body. 
• Increased Drooling: Hypersalivation, or increased drooling, is visible in dogs with anxiety episodes. 
• Pacing and Panting: Stressed dogs are unable to settle down and pace, making them pant heavily. Pacing and panting are common signs of anxiety in dogs.

What Should the Owner Do to Minimize Dog’s Anxiety?

Dog owners should socialize puppies, create routines, and practice daily exercises to minimize dog’s anxiety. First, socialize puppies early to help them become comfortable in new situations. Early socialization boosts the dog’s confidence and reduces the risk of anxiety in adulthood. Second, create a consistent routine for feeding, walking, and bedtime. Creating a routine is important because it gives dogs a sense of stability. Third, practice daily exercises, ensuring the dog gets plenty of physical activity to expend excess energy. Daily physical activity is tiring, leaving less energy for anxiety episodes. 

How to Keep the Dog Calm During Anxiety?

To keep the dog calm during anxiety, follow the five steps listed below. 

1. Use a calming supplement. Calming supplements must be administered in advance to take effect. The most popular calming supplement is CBD. Severe cases of anxiety require medications instead of natural supplements. 
2. Create a safe space. Make a den for the dog to hide in when it feels in danger. Dogs have strong denning instincts and find comfort in dark and noise-free spaces. Put the dog’s favorite toy, blanket, or treats inside the safe space to make it more comfortable. 
3. Play interactive games. Interactive games are excellent for distracting dogs. Puzzles, Kongs, and snuffle mats stimulate dogs’ minds and redirect their attention away from the stress source. 
4. Ensure physical contact. Cuddling stimulates the release of oxytocin hormone, aiding the dog’s relaxation. Pet the dog or sit beside it to give therapeutic physical contact. 
5. Try alternative solutions. Alternative options, such as calming beds or crates, thunder shirts, PEMF therapy, music, and aromatherapy, are helpful in some dogs with anxiety, alone or combined with other approaches. 

What are Dog Anxiety Treatments?

The dog anxiety treatments are listed below. 

• Natural Remedies: Natural options are CBDs, dog-appeasing pheromones or DAP, calming herbs (chamomile, passionflower, valerian root), and homeopathic remedies (Aconite 30C, Borax 6C, or Phosphorus 30C). 
• Anti-Anxiety Medications: Traditional medications are used in dogs that fail to respond to natural remedies. The medications must be prescribed by a vet and used carefully. Anti-anxiety medications include Alprazolam (Xanax®), Diazepam (Valium®), Buspirone (BuSpar®), Fluoxetine (Prozac®), and Trazodone (Desyrel®).
• Behavior Modification: Behavior modification is a lengthy but effective process that includes desensitization and counterconditioning. Desensitization gradually exposes the dog to low-intensity stress triggers to achieve resistance. Counterconditioning changes the dog’s perception of the stress stimulus and links it to a positive experience. 
• Alternative Solutions: Alternative approaches are used with traditional options and include pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy, thunder shirts, music, aromatherapy, calming beds, and crates. 

How to Treat Anxiety in Dogs with CBD?

To treat anxiety in dogs with CBD, use regular supplementation and combine the CBD with other treatments if necessary. 

CBD (cannabidiol) relieves anxiety and supports relaxation through the dog’s endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS manages critical body functions, including mood and emotions. 

Anxiety is the main reason pet owners use CBD for dogs, according to an article, “Assessment of Cannabidiol Use in Pets According to a National Survey in the USA,” published in the Journal of Small Animal Practice in 2023. 

The study continues to elaborate by saying that “many participants perceived an improvement of their pets’ condition with supplementation, with mild to no side effects.”

CBD has been shown to help calm dogs during alone time and car rides, reduce vocalization caused by separation anxiety, and minimize aggressiveness in anxious shelter dogs. 

Consult a veterinarian before using CBD for dog’s anxiety treatment, and ensure the product is of high quality and safe. 

What are CBD’s Properties that help treat Dogs’ Anxiety?

The CBD properties that help treat dogs’ anxiety are anxiolytic. The exact acting mechanism behind the positive anti-anxiety effect is still being researched. 

CBD works by interacting with the CB1 and CB2 receptors, abundant in the central and peripheral nervous systems. 

The working theory is that CBD alters serotonin signals in the brain. A separate theory is that CBD reduces inflammation in the brain, triggering anxiety and depression.

What Dog Breeds Have the Most Anxiety?

Collies, Shepherds, Spaniels, Hounds, and Retrievers are particularly prone to dog anxiety. Let’s take a closer look at each anxiety-susceptible dog breed.

Labrador Retriever. This popular family dog hates being left when alone or confined. The Labrador Retriever thrives on human affection and physical activity. Therefore, it can get bored easily and become anxious. 

Border Collie. Often described as the adrenaline junkie of the canine world, the Border Collie thrives when active and surrounded by people. Therefore, members of the breed are likely to develop separation anxiety.

German Shepherd. German shepherds are essentially herding dogs and enjoy exercise, a lot of company, and spending time outdoors. If left alone or without physical or mental stimulation, they are likely to become anxious.

Cocker Spaniel. This hunting dog loves being engaged and active. Spending too much time indoors and without company is a known stress trigger for members of this breed. Spaniels also tend to become very clingy.

Basset Hound. Despite their droopy eyes and goofiness, Basset Hounds are very social dogs. If lacking socialization and attention, they often develop situational and separation anxiety. As a result, Basset Hounds can be destructive.

What are the Benefits of CBD for Dogs’ Anxiety?

The benefits of CBD for dogs’ anxiety are listed below. 

• Natural Solution: CBD is a plant-based supplement and is all-natural and safe. Quality pet CBD products are created with organic hemp and free from artificial ingredients. 
• No Age Restrictions: CBD oils and treats are safe to use in dogs of all ages, which is ideal considering the high anxiety incidence in puppies and seniors. 
• Rare Side Effects: CBD side effects are benign and only occur in the early phases of use, in high doses, or with low-quality products.  
• Plenty of Options: Pet CBD products are available in different forms (oils, chews, infused edibles) and flavors (chicken, beef, bacon), ensuring a fit for every anxious dog. 
• Easy Availability: CBD for dogs does not require a veterinary prescription and is easy to buy online or in pet stores. Consulting a veterinarian before use is recommended.

Is CBD Oil Safe for Dogs?

Yes, CBD oil is safe for dogs. Pet CBD is safe when sourced from hemp and used with the vet’s approval and following the manufacturer’s guidelines. 

“CBD appears to have good bioavailability and safety profile with few side effects,” according to a study, “Scientific Validation of Cannabidiol for Management of Dog and Cat Diseases,” issued in Annual Reviews of Animal Biosciences in 2023. 

Cannabidiol has a wide safety margin and is suitable for various age groups. Pets are not able to overdose on hemp-sourced CBD oil for dogs.  

How Much CBD to Give to Dogs with Anxiety?

To determine the correct dosage of CBD to give to dogs with anxiety, follow the five steps listed below. 

1. Measure the dog’s weight. Put the dog on a scale to determine its body weight. CBD is administered in one to five milligrams per 10 pounds of weight. Start with a low to medium dose (0.1 to 0.25 mg per pound). 
2. Check the CBD concentration. The concentration of the CBD product is expressed in mg of CBD per ml or mg per treat.  
3. Calculate the daily CBD dose. The standard recommendation is to start slowly, with around 0.25 mg of CBD per pound. Divide the daily amount of CBD with the product’s concentration to calculate the dose. For example, a 20-pound dog needs 5 mg of CBD (0.25 x 20 = 5). The daily dose is 0.5 ml of CBD oil if the oil’s concentration is 10 mg per ml (5 % 10 = 0.5). 
4. Monitor the effects. Keep records of the daily amounts of CBD and their effects on the dog’s anxiety to stay on track. 
5. Make dosage adjustments. Increase or decrease the CBD dose based on the results. Consult the veterinarian before making adjustments. 

What are the Side Effects of CBD for Dogs?

The side effects of CBD for dogs are listed below. 

• Lethargy: High CBD doses induce low energy, increased sleepiness, and disinterest in everyday activities.
• Stomach Upset: Vomiting and diarrhea are common in dogs after CBD use and are a result of the carrier oil rather than the CBD content. 
• Dry Mouth: Cannabinoids inhibit normal saliva production, resulting in xerostomia or dry mouth.
• Drowsiness: Drowsiness causes loss of balance and coordination, but it is associated with low-grade CBD products. 
• Liver Enzyme Changes: CBD blocks the production of certain liver enzymes, such as cytochrome P450 enzyme, altering the dog’s ability to metabolize drugs.
• Low Blood Pressure: Excess amounts of CBD temporarily lower blood pressure and cause hypotension.

Can CBD Oil Help Dogs Calm Down?

Yes, CBD oil can help dogs calm down. Cannabidiol (CBD) has anxiolytic properties that relieve anxiety and promote relaxation. 

CBD promotes better sleep and reduces hyper behaviors, contributing to overall calm in anxious dogs.

Dogs with severe anxiety require a multimodal approach. Combine CBD with long-term options, such as behavior modification, for best results. 

Can CCD Cause Dog Anxiety?

Yes, CCD can cause dog anxiety. Canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) is an age-related issue occurring in older dogs. The dysfunction is a behavioral syndrome caused by declining cognition and senses. 

Dogs start experiencing cognitive dysfunction when around nine years of age. The declining mental capacity and skills make dogs scared and anxious. CCD in dogs is not treatable, but it is possible to delay its progression. 

What is Ringworm in Dogs?

Ringworm in dogs is a contagious, zoonotic, and fungal skin infection. Ringworm has nothing to do with worms, despite its namesake. 

The medical term for ringworm is dermatophytosis, derived from the specific ring-like lesions caused by the fungus. 

Ringworm in dogs is caused by two fungal species, Mycrosporum and Trichophyton. The fungi live on the surface of the skin, hair, and nails, feeding on dead skin or hair cells. 

Dog skin allergies and other itchy chronic skin conditions increase the risk of infection because the fungus enters through damaged skin. 

Dogs periodically transmit the fungus without signs of infection. Ringworm is common in dogs but manageable and rarely associated with severe consequences. 

What Causes Ringworm in Dogs?

The causes of ringworm in dogs are listed below. 

• Microsporum canis: M. canis is the number one cause of ringworm in pets and is responsible for 70% of dog infections. The fungus affects the dead upper layers of the skin and is distributed worldwide. 
• Microsporum gypseum: M. gypseum is a highly contagious fungus in soil that causes dermatophytosis in pets and humans. The species causes 20% of ringworm cases in dogs. 
• Trichophyton mentagrophytes: T. mentagrophytes is the rarest cause of ringworm in dogs, responsible for 10% of the cases. The fungus is zoonotic, highly contagious, and present worldwide. 

What is Early Stage Ringworm in Dogs?

The early stage of ringworm in dogs is incubation. Incubation is the timeframe between initial contact with the infection source and the emergence of symptoms. Stage one, or incubation for ringworm, lasts one to three weeks. 

The other three stages of ringworm in dogs are marked by specific symptoms. Small and raised skin bumps emerge in stage 2. The lesions enlarge and merge in stage 3. The skin infection generalizes in stage 4. 

How do Dogs Get Ringworm?

Dogs get ringworm through direct or indirect contact with infected animals or soil. The most common source of infections is direct contact with a ringworm-carrying animal. 

Indirect contact occurs when a dog uses bowls, toys, or bedding from an infected dog. Certain ringworm-causing fungi live in the soil and, when discovered, infect dogs. 

Atopic dermatitis, a type of dog allergy, damages the skin barrier and increases the risk of getting ringworm. Food and environmental allergies contribute to the infection risk. 

What Are the Symptoms of Ringworm in Dogs?

The symptoms of ringworm in dogs are listed below. 

• Skin Lesions: Ringworm causes raised, red, and well-defined circular skin lesions with ring-like edges. The area over the lesions loses hair, and the skin becomes dry and scaly.
• Dandruff: Excessive dandruff production, especially in the hairless lesions, is a sign of ringworm infection in dogs. 
• Dark Skin Patches: The skin becomes temporarily darkened in the advanced stages, a sign of prolonged skin irritation and damage. 
• Scratching: Ringworm is itchy in some dogs and not itchy in others. Itchy dogs scratch or rub themselves against surfaces. 
• Broken Hair: The dog’s coat is unkempt, with brittle hairs that fall off easily. 
• Nail Changes: Dry, dark, brittle, and misshapen nails with inflamed nail beds are visible in dogs with ringworm infections. 

How is Ringworm Diagnosed in Dogs?

Ringworm in dogs is diagnosed by physical examination, Wood’s lamp, fungal cultures, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. 

The physical exam assesses the dog’s overall state and identifies the characteristic-appearing ringworm skin lesions. 

The Wood’s lamp is a source of long-wave, black UV light. Shined with a Wood lamp, ringworm glows because the fungus causes a chemical reaction once attached to follicles. Asymptomatic dogs carrying the fungus do not glow under Wood’s lamp. 

Fungal culture (known as dermatophyte test medium or DTM) is performed when the veterinarian collects several hairs or scabs, places them on a culture medium, and examines them under a microscope.

The test’s advantage is that it does not require active lesions and is accurate with any hair sample. The drawback is that the final result takes ten days to three weeks to arrive. 

PCR testing is a novel technique that detects fungal DNA on a hair sample. The test provides accurate and fast results that are ready within three to five days. 

How Contagious is Ringworm in Dogs?

Ringworm in dogs is highly contagious. The fungus is transmitted via direct or indirect contact. Direct is by touching an infected animal. Indirect is by handling or using objects of infected pets. 

Ringworm enters the body and causes infection through broken skin, such as cuts, scrapes, or wounds. Skin conditions like eczema serve as entry points for the fungus.  

A properly treated dog with ringworm remains contagious for around 21 days. Longer infectious periods are possible in immune-compromised dogs or if the treatment is not aggressive enough. 

Can Ringworm in Dogs Affect Humans?

Yes, ringworm in dogs can affect humans. Ringworm is a zoonosis and spreads from pets to humans and vice versa. 

People get ringworms through close contact with infected dogs and cats. Puppies and kittens are more likely to spread the fungus. 

Immune-compromised people, young children, and seniors are at a high risk of developing an infection after contact with ringworm dogs. 

What are the Treatment Options for Ringworm in Dogs?

The treatment options for ringworm in dogs are listed below. 

• Isolation: Dogs with ringworm infections must be quarantined. Direct contact with other household pets and people increases the risk of spreading the disease. 
• Bathing: Bathing is important for removing fungal spores attached to the dog. The two bathing options are lime sulfur dips and antifungal shampoos. Lime sulfur dips are more effective. 
• Topicals: Antifungal creams and ointments are used directly on the skin to treat ringworm lesions. Topicals are ineffective if used alone. 
• Oral Antifungals: Oral antifungals are essential and include various options such as griseofulvin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole, terbinafine, and amphotericine B.  
• Hair Clipping: Hair clipping allows topical creams or shampoos to penetrate better but causes tiny injuries (microtrauma), which help the fungus spread. Consult the veterinarian to determine whether the benefits of hair clipping outweigh the risks.

Topical Treatment

Topical therapy is essential when it comes to healing ringworm in dogs. When a dog or cat is diagnosed with ringworm, then your veterinarian will recommend getting your pet clipped.

Clipping hair of infected animals will ensure that the risk of environmental contamination decreases drastically. Once a pet has been clipped, your veterinarian will suggest a series of topical treatments.

Lime-sulfur dips are commonly used as antifungals. However, your veterinarian may also choose to use shampoos that are a mixture of miconazole and chlorhexidine.

When applying topical treatments on pets, it is essential to avoid rinsing them off. This is because you want the drugs to penetrate the skin and hair follicle completely.

Systemic Treatment

When ringworm in dogs becomes a lot more severe, system therapy may be crucial to the recovery of your pet. Systemic therapy involved medicating your pet for a minimum of 6 weeks. Systemic therapy is always used when the ringworm lesions are generalized.

The systemic treatment for ringworm in dogs can include the use of drugs such as Itraconazole, Griseofulvin, and Ketoconazole.

Itraconazole is an anti-fungal drug that can be used in both dogs and cats. Itraconazole may be administered daily or every other day in order to promote recovery. There are often very few adverse effects associated with this drug. Nevertheless, some pets may experience diarrhea, anorexia, and nausea.

Griseofulvin is another drug that is used to treat ringworm in dogs. This drug is restricted to dogs above the age of 6 weeks. Griseofulvin is a drug that is not intended for use in cats as it can lead to bone marrow suppression.

Ketoconazole is an anti-fungal drug most commonly used to treat ringworm in dogs. Ketoconazole is a moderately effective drug that needs to be given with a meal. It is important to note that this drug does have dangerous side effects and is considered hepatotoxic.

Environmental Control

Dermatophytosis is an extremely contagious disease. The dermatophyte spores are resilient and can stay in the environment for a long time. So, your veterinarian will recommend full environmental decontamination as part of the treatment plan.

As we discussed earlier, the spores of the fungi will germinate and invade the hair shafts of an infected animal. The hairs of the infected animal will fall off and contaminate the environment. To prevent the further spread of the spores and the infected hairs, you must vacuum your home thoroughly.

Daily vacuuming and the cleaning of beddings and linens will decrease the spread of the dermatophytes drastically. Disinfecting surfaces should also be a priority. To disinfect your home merely mix 1 part bleach with 10 parts of water.

Finally, to prevent the spread of ringworm to other pets and people. It is important for owners to isolate all sick pets from the family. This means that if Maxwell has got ringworm, then keep him in a confined and clean area until he recovers. Maxwell, should not be in contact with other pets or young children.

Even During Ringworm Treatment for Dogs, you Furry Friend will still be Contagious!

When your dog is diagnosed with ringworm your veterinarian may choose aggressive therapy to eradicate this fungal disease. Ringworm has an incubation period of 10 to 12 days.

An incubation period is a time in which your pet is harboring the fungi, but clinical signs are not present. After the incubation period, your pet reaches an infective stage. This is the stage when they are most contagious!

Now, it is important to remember that even during intensive medical therapy, a dog can spread ringworm for up to 3 weeks. And so maintaining environmental hygiene is crucial!

How Long Does it Take for Ringworm to Heal in Dogs?

It takes four to eight weeks for ringworm to heal in dogs. Some dogs respond quickly and show improvement within two weeks. Completing the treatment is critical for preventing recurring infections. 

The veterinarian uses a Wood’s lamp to monitor the dog’s healing through fungal cultures and skin examinations. Most dogs recover completely and do not experience long-term effects. 

What are Home Remedies for Ringworm in Dogs?

Home remedies for ringworm in dogs include over-the-counter antifungal shampoos and natural treatments. OTC shampoos and natural treatments must not be used as a sole approach. Talk to a veterinarian to discuss a multimodal treatment plan. 

Popular natural treatments for ringworm include oregano oil, apple cider vinegar, and lemongrass essential oil. Natural remedies are less effective than mainstream treatments. 

How Can I Prevent Ringworm in My Dog?

The ways you can prevent ringworm in your dog are given below. 

• Maintain excellent hygiene in the house by vacuuming, steam cleaning, and dusting to eliminate potential spores. 
• Clean the dog’s bedding, bowls, and items regularly. Dispose of hair attached to brushes and other grooming tools. 
• Avoid overcrowded spaces at high risk for harboring ringworm fungi and other infectious diseases. 
• Support the dog’s immunity by providing quality food and practicing daily exercise. Give the dog immune boosters if necessary. 
• Create a comfortable and stress-free environment for the dog. Stress is a significant risk factor for ringworm infection. 

What Should I Do If My Dog Has Ringworm?

The things you should do if your dog has ringworm are given below. 

• Visit the veterinarian. Schedule an appointment with the veterinarian if suspecting ringworm. The vet examines the dog and gives treatment instructions. 
• Administer the prescribed treatment. Use the prescribed or recommended treatments as directed by the vet. Avoid discontinuing the treatment prematurely, even if the dog appears healed.  
• Avoid contact between the dog and other pets. Prevent the dog from making contact with other pets in the household and family members from risky categories, such as kids and seniors. 
• Stay mindful of hygiene. Wash hands thoroughly after interacting with the dog to reduce the risk of infection. Clean the environment and the dog’s belongings daily. 
• See the vet for a checkup. Follow-up with the veterinarian once treatment is complete. The vet evaluates if the dog is cured or needs further medication based on the findings.  

What are the Risk Factors for Ringworm in Dogs?

The risk factors for ringworm in dogs are listed below. 

• Breed: “Boston Terriers, Yorkshire Terriers, and Russell Terriers are genetically more prone to ringworm infections than other breeds,” explains an article “Ringworm in Dogs” published by PetMD in 2022. 
• Stress: Stress supports cortisol production, harming the strength of the dog’s immune response and increasing the risk of ringworm infections. Dogs infected with ringworm have longer recovery times if subdued to stress or anxiety. 
• Immunity Issues: Dogs with compromised or underdeveloped immune systems are at a higher risk of getting infected. Ringworm dog skin infections are widespread in puppies and seniors. 
• Skin Conditions: A dog skin infection that disrupts the protective barrier is an established risk factor for ringworm. Examples are chronic skin issues, open wounds, fresh scrapes or cuts, and flea infestations. 
• Poor Hygiene: Subpar hygiene in the dog’s environment and overcrowded living conditions are risk factors for ringworm infections. 

How Can I Clean My Home to Prevent the Spread of Ringworm?

The ways you can clean your home to prevent the spread of ringworm are given below. 

• Keep the dog confined to a single room or specific area of the house to limit the spread of the disease and make cleaning efforts more efficient. 
• Vacuum all soft furnishings and soft carpets thoroughly to remove spores. Steam cleaning is an excellent alternative to regular vacuuming. 
• Ensure the vacuum bag’s contents are safely disposed of after cleaning. Burning is the safest option for objects that are unfit for cleaning. 
• Disinfect the dog’s items, such as toys, bowls, and grooming tools. Consult the vet and ask for help in choosing a disinfectant. A diluted bleach solution (10 parts water to 1 part bleach) is a good option. 

Can Ringworm Recur in Dogs?

Yes, ringworm can recur in dogs. Ringworm dog skin infections recur if the treatment is mild or prematurely discontinued. 

Mild treatment uses only topical antifungal instead of a combination of topical and oral meds. Premature medication discontinuation is when the owner stops treatment because the dog’s lesions appear better. 

A compromised immune system is another situation that increases the risk of ringworm recurrence. Puppies, seniors, and dogs with weak immunities are prone to infection recurrence. 

What Types of Medications are Used to Treat Ringworm in Dogs?

The types of medications used to treat ringworm in dogs are listed below. 

• Shampoos: Dog shampoos soothe the skin and provide itch relief. Certain shampoo formulations are medicated, meaning they contain an antifungal as an active ingredient. 
• Creams and Ointments: Creams and ointments are applied topically to skin lesions. Topical antifungals are combined with other treatments, such as shampoos and oral medications. 
• Oral Antifungals: Oral antifungals are the cornerstone of treating ringworm in dogs. The medications are used alone or combined with topicals. 

How Do I Know if My Dog’s Ringworm Treatment is Working?

You know if your dog’s ringworm treatment is working if there are signs of improvement. The hairless skin patches become larger at first, which is normal. 

Signs of improvement are visible around two weeks after the treatment is initiated. The lesions get less red and scaly. Hair slowly starts growing at the edges and fills the rounded lesions. 

See the vet if the dog is not showing signs of improvement within two weeks. The vet explains how to treat ringworm in dogs more successfully and based on the specific situation. 

Are There Any Side Effects of Ringworm Treatments in Dogs?

Yes, there are side effects of ringworm treatments in dogs. The golden standard for managing ringworm was griseofulvin. 

Common side effects of griseofulvin include stomach upset, sunlight sensitivity, and increased itchiness. Serious side effects are weakness, pale gums, abnormal bleeding, and fever.

Newer antifungals like itraconazole and terbinafine are now replacing Griseofulvin to minimize side effects. 

Modern antifungals trigger less severe adverse events such as stomach distress, abdominal pain, and skin reactions.  

Is Ringworm in Dogs Itchy?

Yes, ringworm in dogs is itchy. The exact level of itchiness, however, varies. Dogs constantly scratch ring-like skin lesions, while others do not show signs of discomfort. 

Itchy dogs are more likely to spread the fungus in the environment. Itchy dog skin is a red flag that warrants immediate veterinary attention. 

How Often Should I Bathe My Dog with Ringworm?

You should bathe your dog with ringworm shampoo twice a week. Different antifungal and ringworm shampoos have unique instructions, but two baths per week are the guideline. 

The vet recommends a shampoo product and explains the bathing frequency. The shampoo must be thoroughly applied for optimal efficacy and then rinsed well to avoid irritation. 

Can CBD Oil Relieve Ringworm in Dogs?

Yes, CBD oil can relieve ringworm in dogs. CBD has natural anti-inflammatory properties and soothes irritated skin. The antipruritic effect reduces itchiness and makes the dog comfortable. 

Dog CBD oil for ringworm support is part of a multimodal treatment. The oil is administered by mouth (orally) or applied directly on the irritated skin (topically).